Harvard Law Faculty

King Hammurabi is revealed the code of laws by the Mesopotamian solar god Shamash, also revered because the god of justice. Hugo Grotius, the founder of a purely rationalistic system of pure law, argued that law arises from both a social impulse—as Aristotle had indicated—and purpose. Immanuel Kant believed an ethical crucial requires legal guidelines “be chosen as though they should maintain as common legal guidelines of nature”. Jeremy Bentham and his pupil Austin, following David Hume, believed that this conflated the “is” and what “must be” downside.

• A judiciary is theoretically bound by the structure, simply